Inflammation of the stomach

 Inflammation of the stomach

Gastritis is inflammation of the stomach lining.

Inflammation can be caused by many factors, including infection, severity due to severe illness, injury, use of certain medications, and immune system disorders.

Symptoms of gastritis when they appear include abdominal pain or discomfort and sometimes nausea or vomiting.

Doctors often rely on the symptoms the person is complaining about, but sometimes they need to survey the stomach using a flexible viewing tube (upper endoscopy).

Treatment is carried out with drugs that reduce the acidity of the stomach and sometimes antibiotics.

The stomach lining resists irritation and can tolerate normally severe acidity.While the stomach lining becomes irritated and inflamed when there is inflammation in the stomach.

Gastritis according to its severity is classified into the following two varieties:

Erosion your

Non-corrosive OFR

Erosive gastritis is more severe than non-erosive gastritis.This variety involves both inflammation and wear (erosion) of the stomach lining.Erosive gastritis usually occurs suddenly (called acute erosive gastritis) but may occur slowly (called chronic erosive gastritis), usually affecting otherwise healthy people.

Non-erosive gastritis is characterized by changes in the stomach lining ranging from erosion (atrophy) of the stomach lining to the impossibility of gastric tissue to another type of intestinal tissue (metaplasia). Several types of leukocytes collect in the stomach, often causing varying degrees of inflammation. Leukocytes may cause inflammation in the entire stomach or in parts of it.

Causes.

Specific types of gastritis are caused by a number of factors, including infection, severity due to severe illness, injury, use of certain medications, and immune system disorders.

Erosive gastritis is caused by the habit of taking alcohol, the severity caused by severe illness, and irritants such as medications, especially aspirin and other (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs). Less common causes include Crohn's disease, radiation, viral and bacterial infections (such as cytomegalovirus), ingestion of corrosive substances, and direct injuries (as occurs when inserting a nasogastric tube). Daily aspirin use in some people, including children, can damage the lining of the stomach.

Non-erosive gastritis is usually caused by infection with H. pylori.

Infectious gastritis is caused by infection with H. pylori H. pylori إلا H. pylori إلا only in rare cases.

Viral gastritis or fungal gastritis may occur in people with long-term illness or a weakened immune system, such as people with HIV infection, people with cancer, or those using immunosuppressive drugs.

Acute gastritis due to psychological severity is a form of erosive gastritis that is caused by sudden exposure to a disease or injury.Even the injury may not be in the stomach.For example, severe skin burns, head injuries and injuries involving heavy bleeding are typical causes.The cause of gastritis due to a serious illness is still unknown, but it may be related to reduced blood flow to the stomach, an increase in the amount of acid in the stomach and a weakening of the stomach lining's ability to protect and regenerate itself.

Radiation gastritis can occur when the lower left side of the chest or upper abdomen is exposed to radiation therapy, as it can irritate the stomach lining.

Post-gastrectomy gastritis occurs in people who have had surgical removal of part of their stomach (the procedure is called partial gastrectomy). Inflammation occurs at the site of stitching tissues together usually. Post-gastrectomy gastritis is thought to occur when surgery impairs blood flow to the stomach lining or when the stomach lining is exposed to an excessive amount of bile (greenish-yellow digestive fluid produced by the liver).

Atrophic gastritis leads to severe thinning of the stomach lining (atrophic) and the loss of much or all of the acid-producing cells and enzymes.This condition can occur when antibodies attack the lining of the stomach (which is called autoimmune-related atrophic gastritis).Atrophic gastritis can also occur in some people with chronic H. pylori infection H. pylori.It also tends to occur in people who have had part of their stomach removed.

Eosinophilic gastritis may result from an allergic reaction to a ringworm parasite infection, but the cause is usually unknown. Eosinophils (a type of white blood cell) accumulate in the stomach wall when you have this type of gastritis.

Meniere's disease is a rare idiopathic disorder, it is one of the types of gastritis in which its walls thicken with the formation of large folds and fluid-filled cysts. This disease may be caused by an abnormal reaction of the immune system, and may also be related to infection with H. pylori.

Symptoms.

Acute gastritis.

acute_gastritis_high_ar

PHOTO PROVIDED BY DAVID M. MARTIN, MD.

Gastritis usually does not cause any symptoms. 

Symptoms when appear to vary depending on the cause, as they may involve pain, discomfort, nausea, or vomiting, problems that indicate indigestion often.

Chronic gastritis.

Intermittent nausea and vomiting may result from more severe forms of gastritis such as erosive gastritis and radiation gastritis.

Indigestion can occur especially with erosive gastritis, radiation gastritis, post-gastrectomy gastritis, and atrophic gastritis. 

The occurrence of slight dyspepsia also coincides with the development of acute gastritis associated with psychogenic severity.

Complications of gastritis.

Complications of gastritis involve:

Bleeding

Ulcers are on Saler it's

Stenosis of the gastric outlet

Acute gastritis with psychological severity may cause bleeding in the few days following illness or injury, while bleeding tends to occur more slowly when chronic erosive gastritis or radiation gastritis. 

There may be no symptoms when bleeding is mild and slow, or symptoms may be limited to the blackening of the stool (black protrusion) caused by the blackness of the blood that has been digested.If bleeding is heavier, people may vomit blood or blood passes into their stools.Persistent bleeding can lead to symptoms of anemia, including fatigue Weakness and lightness of head.

Gastritis can lead to (ulceration of the stomach), which can cause worsening of symptoms. 

Stomach contents can leak into the abdominal cavity if the ulcer punctures the stomach wall, usually causing inflammation and infection of the lining of the abdominal cavity (peritonitis) with sudden and worsening pain.

Some complications of gastritis are slow to occur. Gastritis can lead to scarring and narrowing of the gastric outlet, especially when you have radiation or eosinophilic gastritis, which can lead to severe nausea and frequent vomiting.

In Meniere's disease, fluid retention and swelling of tissues (edema) may occur as a result of a lack of protein from the inflamed stomach lining.

Post-gastrectomy gastritis and atrophic gastritis may cause symptoms of anemia, such as fatigue and weakness, due to reduced production of endogenous factor (a protein that binds to vitamin B 12, which allows vitamin.12 to be absorbed and used in the production of red blood cells).

Stomach tissue transforms into another type of digestive tract tissue (metaplasia) in a small percentage of people with atrophic gastritis. 

Metaplasia leads to stomach cancer in a smaller proportion of people.

Diagnosis.

Upper endoscopy

The doctor suspects gastritis when the person experiences discomfort in the upper abdomen, pain or nausea. Tests are not usually necessary.The doctor may resort to an upper endoscopy when the diagnosis is not confirmed or when the symptoms do not go away with the use of treatment.

During an upper endoscopy, the doctor uses an endoscope (flexible viewing tube) to review the stomach with part of the small intestine. Your doctor may perform a biopsy (excision of a tissue sample for examination under a microscope) of the stomach lining if necessary.

Processing.

Drugs that reduce acid production and antacids.

Use of antibiotics that treat H. pylori infection H. LR LR LR sometimes

Treatments to stop bleeding

Regardless of the cause of gastritis, the severity of gastritis symptoms can be reduced through the use of medications that modify or reduce stomach acid production, as well as by stopping the use of medications that cause symptoms.(See also drug therapy for stomach acid).

Drugs for treating gastritis

Mild symptoms can be treated with antacids, which modify the acid produced and released in the stomach. Almost all antacids can be obtained without a prescription, and are available in tablet or liquid form.

Antacids include aluminum hydroxide (which can cause constipation), magnesium hydroxide (which can cause diarrhea), and calcium carbonate. Because the use of antacids can affect the absorption of many different drugs, people who use other drugs should consult their pharmacist before using antacids.

Acid-reducing drugs include:

Histamine 2 blockers (H 2)

Proton pump inhibitors

The use of H 2 blockers is usually more effective than the use of antacids in alleviating the severity of symptoms, and many people find their use appropriate. Doctors often prescribe proton pump inhibitors when treating bleeding-related gastritis. People usually need to use these acid-lowering drugs for 8-12 weeks.

Doctors may prescribe sucralfate, which helps wrap and heal the stomach as well as prevent irritation.

When gastritis is caused by infection with Helicobacter pylori. Antibiotics are also prescribed for a pyloric infection.

Erosive gastritis.

People with erosive gastritis should avoid using medications that irritate the stomach lining (such as NSAIDs). Some doctors prescribe proton pump inhibitors or H 2 blockers to help protect the stomach lining.

Acute gastritis associated with psychological severity.